The agency did not convene an advisory committee and offered few details on the science behind the decision. When journalists asked for the evidence, officials said they could provide it later. The move follows February, when the FDA removed black-box warnings from six menopause treatments.

Reshma Ramachandran, a Yale School of Medicine assistant professor and health services researcher, objected. "I have been concerned by the lack of transparency behind these decisions," she said. She argued that blanket removal without clear justification can mislead patients and underplay real harms, especially for people with histories of hormone-sensitive cancers.

Officials pointed to shortages instead. Dorothy Fink, deputy director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, said the agency is working with manufacturers to strengthen supply, and that estrogen patch manufacturing has doubled over the past year.

Sarah Ibrahim, deputy center director for regulatory programs at the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, said demand for estradiol patches rose significantly after the February label change. Patients in many areas struggled to find their usual patches at their usual pharmacy. "We hear you," she said.