The Aging Untold hosts asked her which deficiencies show up most in older adults. Bodies absorb key vitamins and minerals less easily with age, and the warning signs are easy to miss. Rogers said every cell needs vitamins and trace minerals, so organs can't work alone when one runs short.

B12 shortfalls, she said, can bring mood issues, sensory issues and nerve problems. Vitamin D matters when there's no sunlight out, because people get depressed in the wintertime. Low D can also show up as atrial fibrillation and irritable bowel syndrome.

A basic blood test is a good first step, Rogers said, but it has limits. Levels fluctuate daily, and the test doesn't show whether your receptors work, whether you can transport nutrients or what your tissue expresses. She pointed to a personalized test called genomics, which looks at how you metabolize nutrients so you know what you need. A doctor can also check for interactions with the medications you already take, and Rogers said the whole process needs to be physician-driven.

Her name for the culprits: thieves that steal your vitality.